How does the server distinguish repeated requests from the same user?

The server distinguishes repeated requests from the same user using various identification mechanisms, such as:

• Cookies: on the first request, the server sends a cookie with a unique identifier to the client, which the client sends back in subsequent requests.
• Sessions: the server maintains the user's state by associating it with a unique session identifier, usually transmitted via a cookie.
• Authentication tokens (e.g., JWT): the client sends a token with each request, which the server verifies to identify the user.

Thus, the server can track and differentiate users, providing personalized and secure access.