How can data be retrieved from a database using the Django ORM framework?

In Django ORM, methods of model managers and QuerySet are used to retrieve data from the database. The main ways are:

• Get all objects of a model:

from myapp.models import Product
products = Product.objects.all()

• Filter by conditions:

cheap_products = Product.objects.filter(price__lt=100)

• Get a single object (if you are sure it exists):

product = Product.objects.get(id=1)

• Use methods for sorting, aggregation, selecting specific fields:

sorted_products = Product.objects.order_by('name')
names = Product.objects.values_list('name', flat=True)

Thus, ORM allows working with the database through Python objects without writing SQL directly.