In which cases should asynchronous programming be used to solve problems?

Asynchronous programming should be used when the task involves input/output (I/O) operations that can take a significant amount of time, such as network requests, reading/writing files, or interacting with databases. In such cases, asynchrony allows not to block the main execution thread, increasing the responsiveness of the application and the efficiency of resource utilization.

Also, the asynchronous approach is useful when working with a large number of parallel tasks, where waiting for the result of one should not delay the execution of others.

Example: in a Python web server using asyncio, asynchronous code allows handling many requests simultaneously without creating a large number of threads.