What is the typical final stage of an attack on a system?

A typical attack on a system usually concludes with gaining control over the system or data. This can be:

• Installing a backdoor for persistent access.
• Privilege escalation to obtain administrator rights.
• Theft or encryption of data (e.g., ransomware).

The final stage is consolidating control and extracting benefits, whether it be stealing information, extortion, or utilizing system resources.