What methods of database interaction are you familiar with when using SQLAlchemy?

When working with SQLAlchemy in Python, the following methods of interacting with the database are known:

• Using ORM (Object-Relational Mapping):

  • Creating and manipulating model objects that correspond to database tables.
  • Adding (session.add()), updating, deleting objects.
  • Queries through session.query() with filters, sorting, and joins.

• Using Core API:

  • Creating and executing SQL queries via Table, select(), insert(), update(), delete() objects.
  • Allows writing more low-level and flexible code.

• Working with sessions:

  • Managing transactions through session.commit(), session.rollback().

• Executing raw SQL queries:

  • Using engine.execute() or session.execute() to run arbitrary SQL queries.

Example of a simple ORM query:

from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()

users = session.query(User).filter(User.age > 18).all()
for user in users:
    print(user.name)

SQLAlchemy provides a powerful and flexible set of tools for working with databases both at the object level and at the SQL level.