How does the browser handle navigation to a specific URL of a website?

When a user enters a URL in the browser and presses Enter, several steps occur:

1. Domain Name Resolution (DNS) — the browser requests the IP address of the server by the domain name.
2. Establishing a connection — usually via TCP, and with HTTPS — with additional TLS encryption.
3. Sending an HTTP request — the browser formulates a request (GET, POST, etc.) to the server at the specified path.
4. Receiving a response — the server returns an HTTP response with a status code, headers, and body (e.g., HTML).
5. Processing the response — the browser parses the HTML, loads related resources (CSS, JS, images).
6. Rendering the page — the browser constructs the DOM, CSSOM, executes scripts, and displays the page to the user.

Thus, navigating to a URL is a complex process of network requests and data processing to display a web page.