Explain what is meant by the process of copying data between multiple servers or databases to ensure duplication and availability.

The process of copying data between multiple servers or databases to ensure their duplication and availability is called replication. Replication allows creating copies of data that are synchronized with each other to ensure fault tolerance, scalability, and high system availability.

For example, in a database, master-slave replication can be configured, where one database (master) accepts writes, and others (slaves) receive updates and serve for reading or backup. If the master fails, one of the slaves can be promoted to be the new master, minimizing downtime.

Replication can be synchronous (ensuring data is written to all nodes simultaneously) or asynchronous (updates are propagated with a delay).