How can memory be managed and freed in Python?

Memory management in Python is mostly automatic and implemented through a garbage collector, but there are several ways to control and free memory:

• The garbage collector automatically frees objects that have no references.
• You can manually delete objects using del to remove a reference to the object and allow the collector to delete it.
• For cyclic references, the gc module is used, which can be called explicitly:

import gc
gc.collect()

• Using context managers (with) helps automatically release resources, such as files or network connections.
• For large data structures, weak references (weakref) can be used so that objects are deleted when there are no strong references to them.

Example of deleting an object and calling the garbage collector:

import gc

obj = [1, 2, 3]
del obj  # delete the reference
gc.collect()  # run garbage collection

Thus, in Python, it is usually sufficient to rely on automatic memory management, but if necessary, the described methods can be used for control and resource release.