What methods can be used to perform asynchronous task execution within a single process?

In Python, asynchronous execution of tasks within a single process can be implemented using the following methods:

1. asyncio module — allows writing asynchronous code using coroutines, event loops, and the async/await keywords.

import asyncio

async def task():
    print('Task start')
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    print('Task completed')

async def main():
    await asyncio.gather(task(), task())

asyncio.run(main())

2. Threads (threading) — enable running multiple threads in parallel, useful for I/O-bound tasks.

import threading
import time

def task():
    print('Task start')
    time.sleep(1)
    print('Task completed')

threads = [threading.Thread(target=task) for _ in range(2)]
for t in threads:
    t.start()
for t in threads:
    t.join()

3. concurrent.futures module with ThreadPoolExecutor or ProcessPoolExecutor — for convenient management of thread or process pools.

4. Generators and coroutines (before asyncio) — a lower-level approach, now rarely used.

Thus, for asynchronous execution within a single process, asyncio or threads are most commonly used.