What methods and tools do you use to find and fix bugs in code?

To find and fix errors in Python code, I use several methods and tools:

• Logging: I add logging using the logging module to track the execution flow and variable values.
• Debugger: I use the built-in pdb or IDE debuggers (such as in PyCharm or VSCode) for step-by-step execution, viewing call stacks, and variable values.
• Unit tests: I write tests using unittest or pytest to identify errors early.
• Static code analysis: I employ tools like flake8, pylint, or mypy to find potential issues and type mismatches.
• Interactive work: I run problematic sections in an interactive console or Jupyter Notebook for quick hypothesis testing.

Example of using pdb:

import pdb

def faulty_function(x):
    pdb.set_trace()  # breakpoint
    return 10 / x

faulty_function(0)

When executed, the program will stop at set_trace(), allowing you to check values and step through the code.