Can you explain what a 'botnet' is and how it functions?

A botnet is a network of infected computers (bots) controlled by a malicious actor (botmaster) without the owners' knowledge. Each bot is a device with malicious software installed that receives commands from a command and control server.

How it works:

1. The attacker distributes malicious software that infects devices.
2. Infected devices connect to the command and control server (C&C).
3. The botmaster sends commands to all bots in the network, for example, to conduct DDoS attacks, send spam, or steal data.

Thus, a botnet allows a malicious actor to use many devices for large-scale attacks or other malicious activities, while hiding their true location.