Can you explain what is meant by Python packages?

In Python, a package is a way of organizing modules into a hierarchical directory structure with __init__.py files (in modern Python versions, this file is not mandatory but is often used for compatibility).

A package allows related modules to be grouped together to avoid name conflicts and simplify imports.

Example of a package structure:

my_package/          # root folder of the package
    __init__.py      # initializes the package
    module1.py       # module 1
    subpackage/      # subpackage
        __init__.py
        module2.py

Importing from a package:

from my_package import module1
from my_package.subpackage import module2

Thus, a package is simply a directory with modules that Python treats as a single namespace for convenient code organization.