What type of multithreading is recommended for processing mathematical calculations?

For mathematical computations in Python, it is recommended to use multiprocessing (the multiprocessing module) rather than multithreading.

The reason is that in the standard Python implementation (CPython), there is a GIL (Global Interpreter Lock), which prevents multiple threads from executing Python bytecode simultaneously. This limits the efficiency of multithreading for CPU-intensive tasks.

Multiprocessing launches multiple separate processes, each with its own interpreter and memory, allowing effective utilization of multiple CPU cores.

Example of using multiprocessing:

from multiprocessing import Pool

def compute(x):
    return x * x

if __name__ == '__main__':
    with Pool(4) as p:
        results = p.map(compute, range(10))
    print(results)

Therefore, for mathematical computations, it is better to use multiprocessing rather than threading.