Is it recommended to use multiprocessing in modern development to improve performance?

Multithreading in modern development is often recommended to improve performance, especially in tasks where parallel processing is important and where the limitation is not the GIL (Global Interpreter Lock), but system resources. In Python, due to GIL, multithreading does not always effectively accelerate CPU-bound tasks, so for such cases, multiprocessing (multiprocessing module) is used, which runs multiple processes with separate interpreters.

Applying multiprocessing is justified if:

• The task is CPU-bound and requires parallel computation.
• You need to bypass GIL limitations.
• There is a need for process isolation.

However, multiprocessing requires more memory and resources for process creation, and it is more complex in debugging and communication between processes.

Example using multiprocessing:

from multiprocessing import Pool

def f(x):
    return x * x

if __name__ == '__main__':
    with Pool(4) as p:
        print(p.map(f, [1, 2, 3, 4]))  # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16]

Thus, multiprocessing is recommended when it is justified by the nature of the task and system resources.