How is the class structure implemented in Python?

In Python, the class structure is implemented using the class keyword. A class is a template for creating objects (instances), combining data (attributes) and behavior (methods).

A class in Python is a first-class object and can contain:

• Class attributes (shared among all instances)
• Instance attributes (unique to each object)
• Methods (functions defined within the class)

Example of class definition:

class Person:
    species = "Homo sapiens"  # class attribute

    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name       # instance attribute
        self.age = age

    def greet(self):
        print(f"Hello, my name is {self.name}.")

# Creating an instance
p = Person("Ivan", 30)
p.greet()  # Outputs: Hello, my name is Ivan.

Python classes support inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation, allowing the construction of complex object hierarchies.