What principles and practices contribute to creating high-quality code?

High-quality programming code is achieved through the following principles and practices:

• Readability: the code should be understandable by other developers. Use clear variable and function names, and adhere to a consistent coding style.
• Simplicity: avoid unnecessary complexity, write code that directly solves the problem.
• Reusability: identify and extract common parts into functions or classes.
• Modularity: break down the code into independent modules with well-defined interfaces.
• Testability: write code that can be easily covered by tests.
• Documentation: add comments and documentation explaining complex parts.
• Follow SOLID principles (especially for middle developers): helps create flexible and extendable architecture.

Example of simple and readable Python code:

def calculate_area(radius):
    """Calculates the area of a circle given the radius."""
    pi = 3.14159
    return pi * radius ** 2

area = calculate_area(5)
print(f"Circle area: {area}")