What system resources does the program utilize at startup?

When a program starts, the operating system allocates and configures several key system resources:

• Memory: an area is allocated for the program code, call stack, and heap for dynamic memory allocation.
• Processor time: the OS scheduler assigns CPU time to the process.
• File descriptors: necessary files, network connections, and other I/O resources are opened.
• Runtime environment: libraries are loaded, an interpreter (e.g., Python) is initialized, and environment variables are set.

For example, in Python, when the interpreter starts, it allocates memory for objects, initializes the call stack, and loads standard modules.