How does Django track completed migrations and their status?

Django tracks applied migrations using a special table in the database called django_migrations. This table stores information about each applied migration: the application name, migration name, and the time it was applied.

When you run the command manage.py migrate, Django compares the migrations defined in the code with the records in this table to understand which migrations have already been applied and which need to be executed.

This helps prevent reapplying the same migrations and keeps the database state in sync with the project code.