Can you explain what processes are in Python language and how they work?

In Python, a process is an instance of a program that runs in its own memory space and has its own set of resources (e.g., file descriptors, memory). Processes are isolated from each other, which ensures security and stability: the failure of one process does not directly affect others.

To work with processes in Python, the multiprocessing module is used. It allows creating new processes that can run in parallel, bypassing the GIL (Global Interpreter Lock) limitation, which prevents true parallelism in threads.

Example of creating a process:

from multiprocessing import Process

def worker():
    print('Process is running')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    p = Process(target=worker)
    p.start()  # Start the process
    p.join()   # Wait for it to finish

Thus, processes in Python are a way to execute code in parallel with full isolation, which is useful for CPU-intensive tasks.