What methods and tools can you use to perform software testing?

Software testing can be conducted in various ways and with different tools:

• Types of testing:

  • Unit testing — checking individual functions or modules.
  • Integration testing — verifying interaction between modules.
  • Functional testing — ensuring compliance with requirements.
  • Regression testing — confirming that new changes haven't broken existing functionality.
  • Acceptance testing — customer validation of the finished product.

• Testing tools in Python:

  • unittest — built-in module for unit tests.
  • pytest — popular framework with convenient syntax.
  • selenium — for automating browser testing.
  • mock — for creating stubs and mocking objects.

Example of a simple unit test using unittest:

import unittest

def add(a, b):
    return a + b

class TestAddFunction(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_add_positive(self):
        self.assertEqual(add(2, 3), 5)

    def test_add_negative(self):
        self.assertEqual(add(-1, -1), -2)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

Thus, the choice of method and tool depends on the testing goals and the type of application.