What components are included in middleware in Django?

In Django, middleware is a set of components that process requests and responses between the server and the application. They allow performing common tasks such as authentication, sessions, caching, and others.

The main components of middleware in Django include:

• Request processing: middleware can modify or analyze incoming HTTP requests before they reach views.

• Response processing: after the request is processed by views, middleware can modify the HTTP response before sending it to the client.

• Exception handling: middleware can catch exceptions that occur during request processing and handle them.

• Template response processing: some middleware can work with template response objects for additional processing.

Examples of standard middleware in Django:

• AuthenticationMiddleware — adds user authentication information to the request.
• SessionMiddleware — manages sessions.
• CsrfViewMiddleware — protects against CSRF attacks.

Middleware are registered in the project settings in the MIDDLEWARE list and are executed in a specific order.