How is data type conversion performed in Python?

In Python, type casting is performed using built-in functions that explicitly convert a value from one type to another. For example:

• int() — converts to an integer
• float() — to a floating-point number
• str() — to a string
• bool() — to a boolean type

Example:

x = "123"  # string
num = int(x)  # now num is the integer 123

Python also supports implicit type conversion in some operations, for example, when adding an integer and a floating-point number, the result will be float. However, for explicit control, it is better to use conversion functions.