Can you describe the main principles underlying the SOLID principles for software development?

SOLID principles are a set of five fundamental rules for object-oriented programming that help create flexible, extendable, and maintainable code:

• S (Single Responsibility Principle) — the class should have only one reason to change, meaning it should perform only one task.
• O (Open/Closed Principle) — software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.
• L (Liskov Substitution Principle) — objects of subclasses should be interchangeable with objects of the superclass without affecting the correctness of the program.
• I (Interface Segregation Principle) — it is better to have several specific interfaces than a single general-purpose interface.
• D (Dependency Inversion Principle) — high-level modules should not depend on low-level modules; both should depend on abstractions.

Example in Python for the Single Responsibility Principle:

class ReportGenerator:
    def generate(self):
        # report generation logic
        pass

class ReportPrinter:
    def print(self, report):
        # report printing logic
        pass

Here, report generation and printing are separated into different classes, each responsible for its own task.