In what situations is additional encryption necessary to protect data?

Additional data encryption should be applied in the following situations:

• When data is transmitted over unsecured communication channels (e.g., the internet) to prevent interception and reading by malicious actors.
• When storing sensitive information (passwords, personal data, financial data) to protect against unauthorized access.
• In cases where legal requirements or company security policies mandate encryption of certain types of data.
• When using cloud services or external storage where physical access control is limited.

For example, if you store credit card numbers in a database, encrypting this data additionally is necessary so that even if the database is leaked, attackers cannot read it.