What impact does GIL have on the object deletion process in Python?

In Python, the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) guarantees that only one thread executes Python bytecode at a time. This affects object deletion, as garbage collection and reference counting, which are responsible for object deletion, also run under GIL.

Reference counting is the primary memory management mechanism in CPython. When an object's reference count drops to zero, the object is deleted. Since operations that modify reference counts are not atomic, GIL prevents concurrent access from multiple threads, ensuring safety.

Thus, GIL simplifies reference counting and object deletion, preventing race conditions during reference count modifications. However, this also means that multithreaded programs cannot execute object deletion in parallel, which can be a bottleneck in environments with intensive object creation and deletion.