What Linux administration commands do you know?

• cd - change directory, navigation through the file system.
• ls - list directory contents, viewing the contents of a directory.
• pwd - print working directory, displaying the current directory.
• mkdir - make directory, creating a new directory.
• rm - remove, deleting files and directories.
• cp - copy, copying files and directories.
• mv - move, relocating or renaming files and directories.
• touch - create an empty file or update the timestamp.
• cat - output the contents of a file to standard output.
• grep - search within files using regular expressions.
• chmod - change permissions of files and directories.
• chown - change the owner of a file or directory.
• ps - display a list of running processes.
• top - monitor processes and system resource usage in real-time.
• kill - send a signal to a process (usually to terminate it).
• df - display disk space usage information.
• du - display the size of files and directories.
• ssh - Secure Shell, remote connection to a server.
• scp - Secure Copy, secure copying of files between hosts.
• sudo - execute a command with superuser privileges.
• apt (Debian/Ubuntu) / yum (CentOS/RHEL) - package management.
• systemctl - manage services (on systems with systemd).
• tar - create and extract archives.
• gzip/gunzip - compress/extract files.
• ping - check network node availability.
• traceroute - trace the route of packets to a network node.
• netstat - display network connections, routing tables, and statistics.
• ifconfig (deprecated) / ip - configure and display network interfaces.
• crontab - manage scheduled tasks (cron jobs).
• htop - interactive process monitor (enhanced version of top).
• nano / vim / ed - text editors.

Examples of usage:

# Change to the user's home directory
cd ~

# List contents of the current directory in detailed format, including hidden files
ls -la

# Create a new directory "my_project"
mkdir my_project

# Delete the file "temp.log" without confirmation
rm -f temp.log

# Search for the string "error" in the file "application.log"
grep "error" application.log

# Change permissions of the file "script.sh" to make it executable by the owner
chmod u+x script.sh

# Run the command to update the package list with superuser privileges
sudo apt update