Can you give an example of a race condition in the asyncio asynchronous library?

Race condition in asyncio occurs when multiple coroutines try to modify a shared resource simultaneously without proper synchronization.

Example:

import asyncio

counter = 0

async def increment():
    global counter
    temp = counter
    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)  # simulate delay
    counter = temp + 1

async def main():
    await asyncio.gather(increment(), increment())
    print(f'Counter: {counter}')

asyncio.run(main())

Expected result: Counter: 2, but due to race conditions, it might be Counter: 1, as both coroutines read the same value of counter before updating.

To prevent race conditions, synchronization is used, for example, asyncio.Lock:

lock = asyncio.Lock()

async def safe_increment():
    global counter
    async with lock:
        temp = counter
        await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
        counter = temp + 1

async def main():
    await asyncio.gather(safe_increment(), safe_increment())
    print(f'Counter: {counter}')

asyncio.run(main())

Now, counter will correctly increase to 2, as access to the resource is protected.