Что такое ACID? Расскажи про каждую букву.

ACID is a set of properties that guarantee reliable transactions in databases:

• Atomicity: The transaction is completed fully or not at all. If something goes wrong, all changes are rolled back.
• Consistency: After the transaction completes, the database remains in a correct state, satisfying all rules and constraints.
• Isolation: Parallel transactions do not affect each other, as if they were executed sequentially.
• Durability: After a transaction is committed, its changes are saved even in the event of system failures.

These properties ensure reliability and predictability in data handling.