Can you explain the concept of Virtual DOM and its role in framework work for creating interfaces?

Virtual DOM is an abstraction of the real DOM (Document Object Model), used in many modern JavaScript frameworks such as React. Instead of directly modifying the HTML page structure, the framework first creates a virtual representation of the DOM in memory.

When the application's state changes, a new Virtual DOM is created, which is compared with the previous version (a process called "diffing"). Then, the minimal necessary changes are calculated to update the real DOM. This significantly improves performance, as manipulations with the real DOM are costly operations.

Example: in React, when the component's state changes, a new Virtual DOM is created, compared with the previous one, and only the changed parts are updated in the browser.