What methods are available for an iterator in Python?

In Python, an iterator has two main methods:

• __iter__(): Returns the iterator object itself. This is part of the iteration protocol.
• __next__(): Returns the next item from the iteration. When there are no more items, it raises a StopIteration exception.

Example:

class MyIterator:
    def __init__(self, data):
        self.data = data
        self.index = 0 # Index to track the current position

    def __iter__(self):
        return self # The __iter__ method returns the iterator itself

    def __next__(self):
        if self.index < len(self.data):
            value = self.data[self.index]
            self.index += 1
            return value # Return the next element
        else:
            raise StopIteration # Raise exception when iteration ends

# Using the iterator
my_list = [10, 20, 30, 40]
my_iter = MyIterator(my_list)

# Iteration using next()
print(next(my_iter)) # 10
print(next(my_iter)) # 20

# Iteration using a for loop (which internally uses __iter__ and __next__)
for item in MyIterator(my_list):
    print(item) # 10, 20, 30, 40