What is the purpose and advantages of using the MVC architectural pattern?

The architectural pattern MVC (Model-View-Controller) divides an application into three components:

• Model — responsible for data and business logic.
• View — displays data to the user.
• Controller — handles user input and interacts with the model and view.

Advantages of using MVC:

• Separation of concerns makes code maintenance and development easier.
• Increased code reusability — the model and view can be used independently.
• Simplified testing — logic can be tested separately from the interface.
• Improved code organization — a clear structure helps teams work more efficiently.

Example in Python (simplified):

class Model:
    def __init__(self):
        self.data = "Hello MVC"

class View:
    def display(self, data):
        print(f"View: {data}")

class Controller:
    def __init__(self, model, view):
        self.model = model
        self.view = view

    def update_view(self):
        self.view.display(self.model.data)

model = Model()
view = View()
controller = Controller(model, view)
controller.update_view()