What is the difference between a module and a package in Python?

In Python:

• Module — is a separate file with a .py extension that contains code (functions, classes, variables). For example, math.py is a module.

• Package — is a directory that contains an __init__.py file and can contain multiple modules and subdirectories (subpackages). Packages are used to organize modules into a hierarchical structure and manage namespaces.

Example:

my_package/          # package
    __init__.py      # package initialization file
    module1.py       # module
    sub_package/     # subpackage
        __init__.py
        module2.py

Import:

from my_package import module1
from my_package.sub_package import module2

Thus, a module is a unit of code, and a package is a way to group modules into a structure with a namespace.