How does correlation differ from causality?

Correlation is a statistical relationship between two variables, showing that they change together, but not indicating causality. For example, the increase in ice cream sales and the number of drownings may be correlated because both increase in summer, but one does not cause the other.

Causality means that a change in one variable directly causes a change in the other. To prove causality, additional research is needed, such as experiments or analysis of time series.

In summary: correlation is a connection, causality is cause and effect.