What static or magic methods are implemented within this class?

In PHP, there are several magic methods that start with a double underscore __ and are automatically called in certain situations. Among them:

• __construct() — class constructor.
• __destruct() — destructor.
• __call($name, $arguments) — called when invoking a non-existent method on an object.
• __callStatic($name, $arguments) — similar for static methods.
• __get($name) and __set($name, $value) — for accessing non-existent or inaccessible properties.
• __isset($name) and __unset($name) — for working with isset() and unset() on properties.
• __toString() — converting the object to a string.
• __invoke() — calling the object as a function.
• __clone() — when cloning an object.
• __debugInfo() — for outputting debug information.

Static methods are methods declared with the static keyword, which are called without creating an instance of the class. They are not magic methods but can be implemented in a class for convenience.

Example of a class with magic and static methods:

class Example {
    private $data = [];

    public static function staticMethod() {
        return "This is a static method";
    }

    public function __construct() {
        echo "Constructor called\n";
    }

    public function __call($name, $arguments) {
        echo "Calling a non-existent method '$name' with arguments: " . implode(', ', $arguments) . "\n";
    }

    public static function __callStatic($name, $arguments) {
        echo "Calling a non-existent static method '$name'\n";
    }
}

Example::staticMethod();
$obj = new Example();
$obj->nonExistentMethod('arg1', 'arg2');
Example::nonExistentStaticMethod();