In which cases is it advisable to use abstraction in system design?

Abstraction in system design is appropriate when it is necessary to hide implementation complexity and provide a simple interface for interacting with components. This helps:

• Reduce coupling between modules.
• Enable the replacement of implementations without changing client code.
• Improve code readability and maintainability.

For example, when working with a database, you can create an abstract class or interface for data access, and specific implementations (MySQL, PostgreSQL) will be hidden behind this interface. This allows changing the DBMS without altering business logic.