Can you explain how one class can inherit properties and methods from another class?

In JavaScript (and Node.js), inheritance is implemented using prototypes or classes (ES6+). To have one class inherit properties and methods from another, the extends keyword is used.

Example:

class Animal {
  constructor(name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  speak() {
    console.log(`${this.name} makes a sound.`);
  }
}

class Dog extends Animal {
  speak() {
    console.log(`${this.name} barks.`);
  }
}

const dog = new Dog('Sharik');
dog.speak(); // Outputs: Sharik barks.

Here, the Dog class inherits properties and methods from the Animal class, and can override methods or add new ones.