What are the main components of NestJS?

Main components of NestJS:

• Modules: Organize application code into logical groups. Each module can export and import other modules.
• Controllers: Handle incoming requests and return responses. Define routes and bind them to class methods.
• Providers: Used for dependency injection. They can be services, repositories, factories, or any custom classes.
• Services: Encapsulate core business logic, accessible for use in controllers and other providers.

Also used:

• Middleware: Functions executed before route handlers. Used for authentication, logging, request and response modification.
• Pipes: Transform and validate incoming data.
• Guards: Determine if a user has access to a specific route or resource.
• Interceptors: Allow attaching additional logic before and after method execution, such as transforming results or handling exceptions.
• Exception Filters: Catch unhandled exceptions and send formatted responses to the client.