Can you give an example of when a closure is used in JavaScript to store data or create private methods?

In JavaScript, closures are often used to create private data and methods that are inaccessible from outside.

Example:

function Counter() {
  let count = 0; // private variable

  return {
    increment() {
      count++;
      return count;
    },
    getCount() {
      return count;
    }
  };
}

const counter = Counter();
console.log(counter.increment()); // 1
console.log(counter.getCount());  // 1
console.log(counter.count);       // undefined — cannot access count from outside

Here, count is stored in the closure of the Counter function and is not directly accessible, which ensures data encapsulation.