Explain the single responsibility principle in the context of programming and why it is important for building reliable systems.

The Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) states that each module, class, or function should have only one reason to change, meaning it should perform only one task or be responsible for one aspect of functionality.

This is important because:

• It simplifies understanding and maintaining the code.
• It makes testing easier, as each part is responsible for a specific function.
• It reduces the likelihood of errors when making changes, as changes in one responsibility do not affect others.

For example, a class that handles both database operations and display logic violates SRP. It is better to separate these responsibilities into different classes.