Intern
What is FTP?
sobes.tech AI
Answer from AI
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server in a computer network based on TCP/IP. It allows uploading files to the server and downloading them from the server.
Main features:
- Two channels: FTP uses two separate TCP connections:
- Control channel (port 21): For transmitting commands and responses between the client and server.
- Data channel (port 20 in active mode, or dynamically assigned in passive mode): For the actual transfer of file data.
- Modes of operation:
- Active mode: The client sends its IP address and port to the server, which then establishes a connection for data transfer. This can cause issues with client firewalls.
- Passive mode: The client requests the server to specify a port, on which the client will then establish a connection for data transfer. It is more common and less problematic with firewalls.
- Authentication: Supports user authentication with login and password, as well as anonymous access.
- Commands: A set of standard commands for performing file operations (e.g.,
GET,PUT,LIST).
Disadvantages:
- Lack of encryption: By default, FTP transmits data (including credentials) in plain text.
- Firewall issues: Active mode can be hindered by firewalls.
- Automation complexity: Writing scripts for automation can be inconvenient.
More secure alternatives exist, such as SFTP (FTP over SSH) or FTPS (FTP over SSL/TLS).