Name the semantics of work in Kafka.

The main message delivery semantics in Kafka are:

• At most once — a message is delivered no more than once, data loss is possible. Used when speed is important and message loss is acceptable.

• At least once — a message is delivered at least once, duplicates may occur. This is the standard Kafka semantics, ensuring reliability but requiring duplicate handling on the consumer side.

• Exactly once — a message is delivered exactly once, with no duplicates or losses. Achieved through Kafka transactions and idempotent producers, suitable for critical business processes.

The choice of semantics depends on the system's reliability and performance requirements.