Question 4. What is JIT compilation? - Compiling code into a jar file - Compiling bytecode into machine code during program execution - Compiling JavaScript into machine code for performance optimization - Compiling a project in a git pipeline

JIT (Just-In-Time) compilation is the process of compiling bytecode into machine code directly during program execution.

In the context of Java, this means that the bytecode, which is usually interpreted by the virtual machine (JVM), is compiled into native processor code on the fly, which significantly improves the program's performance.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

• Compilation of bytecode into machine code directly during program runtime.