How is the processing of global exceptions handled in the application?

In Java, global exception handling is usually implemented using:

• try-catch blocks at the method or thread level.
• In web applications — with special handlers, such as @ControllerAdvice in Spring, which intercept exceptions across all controllers.
• In desktop applications, you can use setting a global handler via Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler, which catches unhandled exceptions in all threads.

Example of setting a global exception handler for all threads:

public class GlobalExceptionHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
    @Override
    public void uncaughtException(Thread t, Throwable e) {
        System.err.println("Unhandled exception in thread " + t.getName() + ": " + e.getMessage());
        // Logging, notification, resource cleanup, etc.
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new GlobalExceptionHandler());
        // Application code continues
    }
}