Can you list the main methods of load distribution among servers and how they work?

Main methods of load distribution among servers and their principles:

1. Round Robin

   • Requests are sequentially directed to the list of servers.
   • Simple and uniform distribution method.

2. Least Connections

   • Request is directed to the server with the fewest active connections.
   • Suitable for servers with varying request loads.

3. IP Hash

   • Client's IP address is hashed, and the request is directed to a specific server.
   • Ensures client session persistence on the same server.

4. Weighted Round Robin

   • Each server is assigned a weight, and requests are distributed considering the weight.
   • Allows accounting for different server performances.

5. Random

   • Requests are directed randomly.
   • Simple implementation but may be uneven.

These methods are used in load balancers to improve system fault tolerance and performance.