What methods can you use to interact with a database in your projects?

There are several approaches to interact with a database in Java projects:

• JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) — a low-level API for executing SQL queries directly.

• ORM (Object-Relational Mapping), such as Hibernate or JPA — allows working with the database through Java objects, automatically converting them into SQL queries.

• Spring Data JPA — simplifies working with JPA by providing ready-made repositories and methods for CRUD operations.

• MyBatis — a framework that combines SQL and object mapping.

Example of using Spring Data JPA:

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
    List<User> findByLastName(String lastName);
}

This approach allows writing less code and focusing on business logic.