What are resource constraints in a system or application?

Resource limitations are caps on the usage of system resources such as memory, CPU time, disk space, network, and others, imposed on the system or application.

For example, in a Java application, there might be a limit on the maximum heap size, affecting how many objects can be created. If the application exceeds these limits, errors or crashes may occur.

Understanding and managing resource constraints is important for ensuring stable application operation, preventing memory leaks, and optimizing performance.