Can you name typical transaction isolation violations encountered when working with databases?

Typical transaction isolation violations in databases include:

• Dirty Read: a transaction reads data that has been modified by another transaction but not yet committed. If the second transaction rolls back, the first transaction has obtained untrustworthy data.

• Non-repeatable Read: when reading the same data multiple times within a transaction, the data may change if another transaction has modified and committed it.

• Phantom Read: when executing the same query again within a transaction, new rows added by another transaction after the first read appear.

• Lost Update: two transactions read and modify the same data simultaneously, and one update overwrites the other without awareness.

These violations are related to different levels of transaction isolation, which can be configured in the DBMS to balance between performance and consistency.