Is it possible that the finalize method will not be called during garbage collection?

Yes, the finalize method in Java may not be called during garbage collection. This is because the invocation of finalize is not guaranteed by the JVM specification. The garbage collector can delete an object without calling its finalize, for example, if the object does not require resource cleanup or if the JVM is shutting down.

Additionally, finalize is considered deprecated and unreliable for resource cleanup because:

• The timing of finalize calls is uncertain.
• Objects may remain in memory longer due to the need for the garbage collector to revisit them after finalize.
• If finalize throws an exception, it is ignored.

It is recommended to use try-with-resources statements or the AutoCloseable interface for resource management instead of finalize.

Example of using AutoCloseable:

try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("file.txt"))) {
    String line = br.readLine();
    System.out.println(line);
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

Therefore, relying on finalize is not advisable, and its invocation is not guaranteed.