Can you give an example of using the Adapter pattern in programming?

The Adapter pattern is used to convert the interface of a class into another interface that the client expects. This allows working with incompatible interfaces without changing existing code.

Example in Java:

// Interface expected by the client
interface MediaPlayer {
    void play(String audioType, String fileName);
}

// Class with incompatible interface
class AdvancedMediaPlayer {
    void playVlc(String fileName) {
        System.out.println("Playing vlc file: " + fileName);
    }
    void playMp4(String fileName) {
        System.out.println("Playing mp4 file: " + fileName);
    }
}

// Adapter that converts the interface
class MediaAdapter implements MediaPlayer {
    AdvancedMediaPlayer advancedMusicPlayer = new AdvancedMediaPlayer();

    @Override
    public void play(String audioType, String fileName) {
        if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc")) {
            advancedMusicPlayer.playVlc(fileName);
        } else if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")) {
            advancedMusicPlayer.playMp4(fileName);
        }
    }
}

// Client code
class AudioPlayer implements MediaPlayer {
    MediaAdapter mediaAdapter;

    @Override
    public void play(String audioType, String fileName) {
        if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp3")) {
            System.out.println("Playing mp3 file: " + fileName);
        } else if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc") || audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")) {
            mediaAdapter = new MediaAdapter();
            mediaAdapter.play(audioType, fileName);
        } else {
            System.out.println("Invalid media type: " + audioType);
        }
    }
}

In this example, AudioPlayer uses MediaAdapter to play formats it does not support directly.