Have you encountered cyclic dependencies? How to deal with them?

Cyclic dependencies occur when two or more modules depend on each other directly or through a chain of dependencies. This leads to problems with compilation, testing, and maintaining the code.

Ways to address this:

• Refactoring architecture: isolating common dependencies into separate modules.
• Using interfaces and abstractions: to break direct dependency.
• Dependency Injection: allows managing dependencies from outside.
• Revisiting component responsibilities: to avoid excessive coupling.

Example: if class A depends on B, and B on A, you can define an interface implemented by one of the classes and depend on the interface rather than the specific implementation.